Everything worth knowing, nothing that isn't.
What it tells you
Validity and reachability, current operator and country, ported status (via MNP), and often line type (mobile, landline, VoIP). That lets you drop dead numbers and route to the right network. See /answers/what-is-hlr-lookup and /answers/what-is-mnp.
Why it saves money
Sending to invalid or wrong-country numbers wastes spend and depresses delivery rates; a lookup removes them before you pay. On large lists this is a direct, measurable saving. See /answers/how-to-reduce-sms-costs.
Fraud and risk screening
Line type and porting signals help flag high-risk numbers — for example freshly-ported numbers in an account-takeover pattern — before an OTP or transaction proceeds. See /answers/telecom-fraud-prevention.
How to use it
Validate at signup and before large campaigns, cache results sensibly, and combine with your OTP and routing logic. See /products/hlr-lookup and /answers/how-to-send-international-sms.